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keeping accords negotiated by the United Nations Secretary-General. A new kind of partnership would then be developed between the programme and the emerging democratic structures which it would help to develop in that country. The programme would also develop an international centre to direct future activities and to predict and prevent the need for peace-keeping forces elsewhere in the world.
Funding. The regular budget would be paid from a 1 per cent contribution from the budget of United Nations Security Council peace-keeping operations. In addition, extrabudgetary sources would be sought to maintain activities for the long term even if peace-keeping operations were reduced in a particular country.
Structure. The Culture of Peace Programme would be implemented by an international centre.
Governance. A governing board would be appointed by UNESCO and the United Nations Security Council. An international advisory board would also be established to serve as a think-tank and to help co-ordinate relations with other United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations.
Relation to other organizations. The programme would take advantage of all existing international intergovernmental organizations which can contribute to the development of a culture of peace, particularly agencies of the United Nations system and other organizations such as the Council of Europe. Direct and continous contact would be a priority to ensure that there is no overlapping of activities. For example, the programme would draw on the talents of the United Nations volunteers, the United Nations Centre for Human Rights, and existing programmes of UNESCO rather than duplicating them.
General functions. In addition to local activites, there would be two other components of the programme: research and training, and documentation and information. The centre would implement objective evaluations of all its own local activities and develop general principles and practical approaches to building a culture of peace. In addition, it would co-ordinate the development of a global network of social scientists to serve as an early warning system for violence and its prevention.
Local activities. Local activities in a particular country would be planned on the basis of fact-finding missions and consultation with all other agencies involved. While the emphasis would always be on the training and use of local actors and leaders, United Nations volunteers would also be used where feasible.
Notes from the recent mission to El Salvador can be taken as an example of the types of programmes that might be envisaged. The mission proposed formal and informal education for peace, development of tolerance, co-operation, and participation at all levels, management of democratic practice and social politics at local levels, alternatives of communication, and programmes of culture with an emphasis on youth. This list could be expanded to include programmes of multi-cultural co-operation to preserve and develop both environmental and cultural heritages as a symbol of national reconciliation. One might also propose similar programmes of multi-cultural co-operation in technical and scientific training and research oriented to methods for sustainable economic development.
The emphasis would be on channeling the energies of people into a common struggle which would benefit everyone. The guiding principle would be that each person has something to learn from everyone else, and has something to give in return. New communication alternatives would help integrate and make these programmes known to everyone.