for Bosnian refugees, showing solidarity with the refugees and engaging with them in a common programme for peace and co-existence.
Many initiatives related closely to a culture of peace have been undertaken by National Commissions of UNESCO in the context of the United Nations International Year of Tolerance, for which UNESCO is the lead agency. Activities have included:

• regional meetings of the Year for Tolerance hosted in Italy, India, Republic of Korea, Tunisia, Russian Federation, Turkey, and Brazil by the National Commissions of those countries;

• press conferences accompanied by promotional materials for tolerance organized by National Commissions in the Netherlands and Republic of Korea;

• a six-month long cultural-artistic festival celebrating the cultural diversity of Costa Rica organized by the Associated Schools and UNESCO Clubs in co-operation with the Commission of Co-operation with UNESCO;

• the International Global Diversity Conference to mark the Year of Tolerance and the 50th Anniversary of the United Nations organized by the National Commission of Australia;

• poster contests and exhibitions on themes of tolerance organized by National Commissions in Germany and Australia;

• a school essay contest on the subject of tolerance organized by the UNESCO Club Movement and the National Commission of Uganda;

• seminars and forums on tolerance in Vietnam and Chile organized by the National Commissions in those countries;

• special days or weeks of awareness on tolerance sponsored by National Commissions in Germany and Spain;

• an international conference dedicated to 'Counselling and Tolerance' with the patronage of the National Commission of Malta;

• a 'Conference on Human Rights and Tolerance - an Asian perspective' organized by the National Commission and the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan;

• an 'International Conference against Racism, Violence and Discrimination', organized with the help of the Austrian Commission for UNESCO;

• 'A Culture for Tolerance', an international symposium in Germany organized with the help of the German National Commission;

• an anthology, entitled Tolerance and the New Middle East, to be published in co-operation with the National Commission for UNESCO of Israel.